[vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”3″ top_padding=”3″ bottom_padding=”2″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ column_width_percent=”100″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ el_class=”postflow”][vc_column width=”2\/12″][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”8\/12″][vc_custom_heading auto_text=”yes” text_color=”color-129021″ heading_semantic=”h1″ text_size=”fontsize-978791″ text_height=””]This is a custom heading element.[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text text_lead=”yes” uncode_shortcode_id=”211080″]The first transports to leave Buchenwald for Mittelbau-Dora in the fall of 1943 included several young people. Almost all of them were political prisoners.<\/p>\n
Until the spring of 1944, the prisoners in the Dora subcamp worked on the extension of the tunnel system to accommodate the underground rocket plant. Assembly of the A4\/V2 rockets began at the Mittelwerk in early 1944. The concentration camp prisoners worked both on the expansion of the tunnel system and in production.<\/p>\n
In the first months, the prisoners were not housed in barracks, but underground in sleeping chambers. Thousands fell victim to the catastrophic hygienic conditions in the tunnel and the exhausting forced labor.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”2\/12″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”3″ top_padding=”3″ bottom_padding=”2″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ column_width_percent=”100″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ el_class=”postflow”][vc_column width=”1\/1″][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”5\/12″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”6\/12″][vc_single_image media=”739″ media_lightbox=”yes” media_width_percent=”100″ lbox_caption=”yes”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/12″][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”4\/12″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”5\/12″][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=”h4″ text_size=”h4″ text_height=”” uncode_shortcode_id=”171849″]Dominik \u010cern\u00fd: K.L. Dora: Bydlen\u00ed ve \u0161tole (Dora Concentration Camp: Living in the Tunnels). Woodcut, print from the series K.L. Dora-Sangerhausen, 1953.[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”212450″]Dominik \u010cern\u00fd was a Czech teacher and artist. After his liberation, he processed his impressions of the conditions in the tunnels in a series of woodcuts. They express the confinement, darkness, hygienic conditions, and the death of his fellow prisoners.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text text_lead=”small” uncode_shortcode_id=”189564″](Mittelbau-Dora Memorial)[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”3\/12″][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”3″ top_padding=”3″ bottom_padding=”2″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ column_width_percent=”100″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ el_class=”postflow”][vc_column width=”1\/1″][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”2\/12″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”8\/12″][vc_raw_html]JTVCdmlkZW8lMjBpZCUzRCUyNzMyNTQlMjclNUQ=[\/vc_raw_html][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”2\/12″][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/12″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”5\/12″][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=”h4″ text_size=”h4″ text_height=”” uncode_shortcode_id=”141585″]Testimony on forced labor in the tunnels: Franz Rosenbach in an interview with the USC Shoah Foundation, October 1998.[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”393816″]Franz Rosenbach, a Sinto who was 16 years old when he was sent to Dora from Auschwitz-Birkenau via Buchenwald in April 1944. He was a forced laborer in the work details expanding the tunnel system.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text text_lead=”small” uncode_shortcode_id=”238585″](Visual History Archive)[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”6\/12″][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”3″ top_padding=”3″ bottom_padding=”0″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ column_width_percent=”100″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ el_class=”postflow”][vc_column width=”2\/12″][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”6\/12″][vc_single_image media=”751″ media_lightbox=”yes” media_width_percent=”100″ lbox_caption=”yes”][vc_empty_space empty_h=”2″][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”4\/12″][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=”h4″ text_size=”h4″ text_height=”” uncode_shortcode_id=”181398″]Expansion of the Mittelwerk tunnel system, early summer 1944.[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”198802″]The photo was taken during the shooting of a propaganda film about the rocket program, commissioned by Armaments Minister Albert Speer.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text text_lead=”small” uncode_shortcode_id=”230074″](Photo: Walter Frentz, Mittelbau-Dora Memorial)[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”3″ top_padding=”3″ bottom_padding=”2″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ column_width_percent=”100″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ inverted_device_order=”yes” el_class=”postflow wechsel”][vc_column width=”1\/1″][vc_row_inner row_inner_height_percent=”0″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=”100″ gutter_size=”3″ overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”4\/12″ el_class=”smallcolumn” css=”.vc_custom_1615656515935{padding-left: 6em !important;}”][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=”h4″ text_size=”h4″ text_height=”” uncode_shortcode_id=”198773″]From the tunnel into death: excerpt from the transport list from the Dora work detail to Lublin, 17 January 1944.[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”959711″]The SS sent those prisoners who could no longer work due to illness and exhaustion to die in the Lublin-Majdanek and Bergen-Belsen Concentration Camps. Among them were young people like the 18-year-old Jean Antoine and the 17-year-old Felix Le Bacq, numbers 13 and 24 on the list. The trails of the two French teenagers end in the Majdanek Concentration Camp.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text text_lead=”small”](Arolsen Archives)[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=”100″ position_vertical=”bottom” gutter_size=”3″ overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”8\/12″ css=”.vc_custom_1615656487220{padding-right: 6em !important;}”][vc_single_image media=”764″ media_lightbox=”yes” media_width_percent=”100″ lbox_caption=”yes” el_class=”schatten”][vc_empty_space empty_h=”2″][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”3″ top_padding=”3″ bottom_padding=”2″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ column_width_percent=”100″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ el_class=”postflow”][vc_column width=”1\/1″][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”2\/12″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”4\/12″][vc_single_image media=”753″ media_lightbox=”yes” media_width_percent=”100″ lbox_caption=”yes”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”6\/12″][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”2\/12″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”4\/12″][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=”h4″ text_size=”h4″ text_height=””]Michel Fliecx, 1946.[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text text_lead=”small” uncode_shortcode_id=”366111″](Lower Saxony Memorials Foundation)[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”6\/12″][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row row_height_percent=”0″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”3″ top_padding=”3″ bottom_padding=”2″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ column_width_percent=”100″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″ el_class=”postflow”][vc_column width=”1\/1″][vc_row_inner row_inner_height_percent=”0″ back_color=”color-886059″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”3″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″][vc_column_inner column_width_percent=”100″ gutter_size=”3″ override_padding=”yes” column_padding=”3″ overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”0″ mobile_width=”0″ width=”1\/1″][vc_empty_space empty_h=”1″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”color-129021″ heading_semantic=”h3″ text_font=”font-124191″ text_size=”fontsize-212371″ text_height=”” uncode_shortcode_id=”590738″ text_color_type=”uncode-palette”]”I send for Gouju, my countryman, to come to the ‘box’ where I lie. He comes, and to see this friend from the good old days near me fills me with inestimable joy; this friend who will faithfully convey my last words and my last thoughts to my father. This is a consolation not had by many who, in the midst of indifferent strangers, died alone in some hut in these accursed camps.” [\/vc_custom_heading][vc_empty_space empty_h=”1″][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=”7\/12″][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”5\/12″][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=”h4″ text_size=”h4″ text_height=”” uncode_shortcode_id=”160151″]Account by Michel Fliecx of the days before his transfer to Bergen-Belsen, 1946.[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text uncode_shortcode_id=”200398″]The Frenchman Michel Fliecx was a political prisoner and 19 years old when he was sent to the Dora camp in October 1943. In March 1944, the SS classified him as unfit for work and transferred him to the Bergen-Belsen Concentration Camp on an “invalid transport.” He was one of the few survivors.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text text_lead=”small” uncode_shortcode_id=”619208″](Vom Vergehen der Hoffnung. Zwei Jahre in Buchenwald, Peenem\u00fcnde, Dora, Belsen, G\u00f6ttingen 2013)[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/1″][uncode_block id=”741″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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